The circuit, which means the heart, blood vessels
and
lymphatics, together with the blood
body transport.
The system transports various substances around
in the organism, it is an important factor in the
body
defense against infection and foreign substances,
it also acts as a heat distribution.
blood circuit
The circuit consists of blood vessels in various
sizes, as well as a muscle pump - the heart.
From heart kept blood into the arteries, which is
blood vessels with relatively thick walls.
The arteries divide into smaller and smaller
branches, so that the blood finally through small
arteries are distributed to all cells in the entire
body.
These small arteries, arterioles, and is called the
0.1 mm in diameter. They contain a layer of
smooth muscle
gaining secrets inf0, which controls the blood vessel
diameter, and hence the blood pressure.
From the arterioles blood passes into a large
network of capillaries. These are very small,
less than 0.01 mm in diameter. In all tissues, there
is a
large number of capillaries. We have calculated the
total length of the capillaries in the
human organism to be approx.
100.000 km (This is equivalent to a trip 2 1/2 times
around the earth). The inner surface is
approx. 5000 m2
or as a football field.
Capillary walls is only one cell layer thick.
This means that the liquid, dissolved substances and
gases exchanged easily between the blood and the
adjacent cells.
The blood is collected again after it has delivered
oxygen
and nutrients in the small veins called venules,
which in turn is assembled into larger veins. The
blood is sent
from here back to the heart through a few large
veins.
Other wall consists of a smooth inner exercises, a layer
of
of muscles not under voluntary control
and an outer connective tissue layer. veins contain
valves, which ensure that the blood can flow only in
direction back toward the heart.
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